Mobilize the Vacant Housing Stock

What is the problem?

Across Europe, millions of housing units remain empty - often due to speculation, legal uncertainty, or high renovation costs - while housing insecurity continues to grow. Vacant buildings are found not only in city centers but also in smaller towns, where depopulation and ownership disputes prevent reuse. This mismatch between unused assets and unmet housing needs represents both a social and economic failure.

What should be done?

Governments should create a Vacant Homes Activation Framework that includes detailed property registries, combining tax and utility data to identify unused homes. Offer financial incentives - such as renovation grants or reduced taxes -  for owners who rent out or repurpose properties. At the same time, impose progressive vacancy taxes or temporary social-use provisions for long-term empty buildings. Partnerships with housing cooperatives, social enterprises, and NGOs can help manage and maintain these properties efficiently.

Who should act?

The European Commission can support data harmonization and provide funding through Cohesion Policy and the Social Climate Fund. National governments should legislate on taxation and property use, while municipalities collect data, enforce measures, and connect with local stakeholders.

What impact will it have?

Mobilizing vacant housing can unlock thousands of affordable homes quickly and sustainably, reduce urban blight, and revitalize declining neighborhoods. It promotes resource efficiency, curbs speculation, and strengthens the social fabric by bringing life back to underused urban areas.